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 Feeding tubes
Naso gastric tube – also called NG tube, is used for naso gastric feeding and inserted into a nostril of the nose, into the throat, down the esophagus and into the stomach. This tube is suitable for relatively short-term use, as it is uncomfortable and tends to be removed by the patient. This tube is used for naso gastric feeding and suction (for intestinal decompression), and for administration of medications to those who are unable to swallow. A slightly more flexible and thinner version is typically used for enteral feeding and hydration in patients who either can't eat, or who have swallowing difficulties that would result in pneumonia if they were permitted to attempt to eat. Further more, Naso-gastric feeding tubes are the type used for the force-feeding of prisoners.
Gastric feeding tube – also called G-tube, is inserted through a small incision in the abdomen into the stomach and is used for long-term enteral nutrition. The most common type is the percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube. Gastric tubes are placed endoscopically: the patient is sedated, and an endoscope is passed through the mouth and esophagus into the stomach. The position of the endoscope can be visualized on the outside of the patient's abdomen because it contains a powerful light source. A needle is inserted through the abdomen, visualized within the stomach by the endoscope, and a suture passed through the needle is grasped by the endoscope and pulled up through the esophagus. The suture is then tied to the end of the gastric tube that will be external, and pulled back down through the esophagus, stomach, and out through abdominal wall. The insertion of the tube takes about 20 minutes. After the insertion, the abdominal wound must be covered with sterile dressings until it is healed (takes about a week). Gastric tubes are kept within the stomach by a balloon on its tip.
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In some cases, gastric-tubes can be placed in "open" procedures through an incision with direct visualization of the stomach, as well as via laparoscope. Gastric tubes are suitable for long-term use: they last about six months, and can be replaced through an existing passage without an additional endoscopic procedure. Gastric tubes are useful where there is difficulty with swallowing because of neurologic or anatomic disorders and to avoid the risk of aspiration pneumonia.
Jejunostomy tube - is a feeding tube that looks alike a gastric tube, though generally it has a finer bore and smaller diameter and is surgically inserted into the jejunum rather than the stomach. These feeding tubes are used when the upper gastrointestinal tract must be bypassed completely, and can be used as soon as 12 hours after surgery. This type of feeding tube is usually used for people who have stomach ulcers.
These small bore tubes are prone to clogging, particularly with some medications and if not flushed as directed. Enteral feeding through these feeding tubes are generally commercially prepared to provide adequate enteral nutrition and to not result in clogging when used with a tube feeding pump or with drip feedings.
Esophagostomy tube – a feeding tube that is inserted through an incision in the side of the neck into the esophagus and threaded into the stomach. It is rarely used in humans, but is commonly used in veterinary practice of tube feeding animals with jaw injuries that prevent chewing.
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If you cannot find your country in this table, use the US phone/fax number as a regular number.
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